A variation on the Microsoft Excel how-to #HA001226038.
In the how-to, multiple values (column B in their example) can be returned from a single-criteria lookup, using the array formula
=INDEX($A$1:$B$7, SMALL(IF($A$1:$A$7=$A$10, ROW($A$1:$A$7) ), ROW(1:1) ), 2)
This formula can be dragged (filled) vertically. However, in many instances, a horizontal fill is desired. This can be achieved with
=INDEX($A$1:$B$7, SMALL(IF($A$1:$A$7=$A$10, ROW($A$1:$A$7) ), COLUMN(A:A) ), 2)
The only change required is the reference that you want to changed, e.g. from ROW(1:1) to COLUMN(A:A).